Knutsson S, BergbomEngberg I. What Are the Advantages & Disadvantages of Layoffs on the Basis of Seniority? This has administrative and value impacts. Government documents are striking in their volume and variety. Before Historical Publications of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, partnership with the University of Maryland. Recent improvements in posterior soft-tissue repair after primary THA have shown a reduced incidence of dislocation. Definitions.net. WebThe social protection objectives include treating people with dignity and respect, assuring complete coverage, equitably distributing costs and benefits, and operating efficiently to lower overhead. Berry and colleagues [4].ompared 25-year survival rates of 2,000 THAs performed between 1960 and 1971. This was an empirical study done in Canada in which cost and utility data were collected over a one year follow up period. Origin and Growth of Auditing, 2. Primary total hip arthroplasty with an uncemented femoral component: a long-term study of the Taperloc stem. Dictionaries thesauruses pictures and press releases. But even after a superintendent of public printing was appointed in 1852, service failed to improve. It was demonstrated that conventional radiography was the best modality to assess articular cartilage thickness for hips and knees [40]. Stability and responsiveness of utility measures. Thus, THA can be cost saving or, at least cost- effective in improving quality-adjusted life expectancy. Many of the problems will have been discovered and solved already. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal They found that there was significant decrease in sexual relationship impairment on the 0-8 scale from pre-THA to post-THA. Login Bergner M, Bobbitt RA, Pollard WE, Martin DP, Gilson BS. The Scottish government has taken a different attitude. Source Type Sources Advantages + Disadvantages - Books Examples: Discovery toolbar, The British Library: www.explore.bl.uk Another limitation of THA is instability. The Foreign Official Gazette database (FOG) contains records for approximately 650 official gazette titles from countries outside the United States. This section will primarily focus on the systems effects on policy: stability, coalition governments, divided government, and Beginning in 1985, these publications were added to the library's database, and the entire 7,200-piece collection is now in the online catalog. What are patents? More information can be found in the FAQ. What Is the Profit Margin for a Supermarket? But as the government generated more material, such a comprehensive provision proved unworkable. Thus, while the cost to register the trademark is more than the cost to register a copyright, it is still relatively inexpensive compared to patent prosecution costs. In 2001, GPO divided its publications into 131 categories, including wildlife (116 titles), arms control (127), aging Under 35 U.S.C. The U.S. Constitution mandates the printing of a single government publication, the journals of House and Senate proceedings. Reuben JD, Meyers SJ, Cox DD, Elliott M, Watson M, Shim SD. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Lastly, trademarks are unique in that one can use them to brand and create demand for otherwise uninteresting or commodity products, inducing a buyer to pay a premium for something that could otherwise be purchased at less cost. Accessibility What are the important Objectives of Government undertakings? This section presents a selection of papers on open data policy-making from the 19th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research 2018 (dg.o 2018). First, patents protect a design of something functional or utilized. Englund M, Lohmander LS. Government Undertakings are units owned and controlled by the Central, State or both jointly. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. K. Janssen, "The Influence of the PSI Directive on Open Government Data: An Overview of Recent Developments,", P. McDermott, "Building Open Government,". Plagiarism Prevention 5. A comparison of quality of life. At present, monitoring of patients with hip OA is chiefly based on the assessment of pain, disability and anatomical changes from plain radiographs. European_Commission. One of the most important topics he covers, while fairly basic, is the four types of IP and their advantages and disadvantages. Many of these documents are available to the public either directly through the Government Printing Office (GPO) or in one of more than 1,000 federal depository libraries across the country. In addition, the simultaneous procedure confers a potential benefit for greater postoperative hip function because contralateral hip disabilities do not adversely affect the replaced hip. Agriculture. 27 Apr. Image Guidelines 4. Uploader Agreement. The biggest advantage to a trademark is that there are no statutory limitations for the life of trademarks. Smith, Culver H. The Press, Politics, and Patronage: The American Government's Use of Newspapers, 17891875. "government publications." GPO Access was established in 1994 by an act of Congress, and by 2001 it included 225,000 free government publications, and visitors were downloading an average of 30 million per month. If you get it right, there can be many good reasons why buying an existing business could make good business sense. If the court finds a competitor has willfully infringed and that infringement created damages, then the patent owner would be entitled to damages from the competitor. A third limitation of THA is infection. Hartofilakidis G, Karachalios T, Karachalios G. The 20-year outcome of the Charnleyarthroplasty in younger and older patients. Trademarks can possess a remarkable amount of volatility in the market. Liang MH, Cullen KE, Larson MG, Thompson MS, Schwartz JA, Fossel AH. A large city's industries will generally include a wider selection. However, there is no disclosure requirement for trade secrets. GPO also pioneered the use of microfilm and CD-ROM to cope with a deluge of paper, but it still produces more than 100,000 tons of paper documents a year. Of course, the downside to this disclosure requirement is that competitors have exact and specific knowledge of how inventions described within the patents work, which makes it easy for those competitors to use the designs without fear of legal repercussions in jurisdictions that do not have patent protection. Crawford RW, Murray DW. Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article. The first three IP types come with formal and explicit government protections. WebAdvantages And Disadvantages Of in Government and Nonprot Organizations, Second Edition - James H. Svara 2014-02-07 This concise text is a reader friendly primer to the fundamentals of administrative responsibility Publications - Dr. B. K. Mehta, 2021-12-04 Auditing 1. Initial cemented THA in young patients with osteoarthritis (OA) showed increased risk for revision due to aseptic loosening associated with OA and raised concerns of high rates of long-term failure. Libraries give them a separate classification system and shelve them in their own section, and very few bookstores sell them. The diagnosis of PTS is done based on the development of the mentioned clinical manifestations in patients with a history of DVT. Daras M, Macaulay W. Total hip arthroplasty in young patients with osteoarthritis. F. Bannister and R. Connolly, "The Trouble with Transparency: A Critical Review of Openness in e-Government,", M. Strathern, "The Tyranny of Transparency,", M. Gurstein, "Open data: Empowering the empowered or effective data use for everyone?,", A. Zuiderwijk and M. Janssen, "Open data policies, their implementation and impact: A comparison framework,". Ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty: seventeen to twenty-one-year results. Lindeque B, Hartman Z, Noshchenko A, Cruse M. Infection after primary total hip arthroplasty. Develops trust, credibility and reputation. The incidence of PTS varies from 20% to 70%, making it the most common reported complication after lower extremity DVT [43,44]. The various divisions of the federal government produce a vast collection of documents on an enormous range of subjects. Further it avoids concentration of wealth in the hands of few. So, what are the four generally accepted types of IP? Moreover, much of the existing research discusses benefits and disadvantages on a high level without providing much detailed insight in the underlying processes. M. Janssen, Y. Charalabidis, and A. Zuiderwijk, "Benefits, Adoption Barriers and Myths of Open Data and Open Government,", Y. Charalabidis, E. Ntanos, and F. Lampathaki, "An architectural framework for open governmental data for researchers and citizens," in, J. C. Bertot, P. T. Jaeger, and J. M. Grimes, "Using ICTs to Create a Culture of Transparency: E-government and Social Media as Openness and Anti-Corruption Tools for Societies,", M. T. Borzacchiello and M. Craglia, "The impact on innovation of open access to spatial environmental information: A research strategy,". Dorr LD, Luckett M, Conaty JP. Moreover, much of the existing research discusses benefits and disadvantages on a high level without providing much detailed insight in the underlying processes. Dictionary of American History. History of Bills, 1983 to Present . The fact that others can independently develop the same or similar design allows a competitor the possibility to design a competing product that is the same or substantially similar, patent it, and then block the original inventor from selling embodiments of the trade secret in the open market. Schmeckebier, Laurence Frederick, and Roy B. Eastin. Simultaneous bilateral THA offers the benefit of a one-session anesthetic risk, a shorter disability period, and a shorter, less costly overall hospitalization. CHAPTER ONE. The cost effectiveness results were reported as a mean number of 0.01 unit of improvement on the Bush Index of Well Being [61] scale per $1000 marginal cost. GPO's structure and objectives have remained largely the same since then. Unlike patents, trade secrets can cover the expression or concatenation of data, such as a customer data list or a process for compiling competitive market intelligence. refers to government, government agencies and similar bodies whether local, national or international. National Library of Medicine Trade secrets maintain several disadvantages that are unique to their intellectual property type. Second, registration of a trademark at a trademark office is relatively inexpensive and easy. Providing insights on key source materials in areas of special interest to CRL libraries. If they pay a higher price for the product purchased, the benefit goes to the large community. Conrozier T, Jousseaume CA, Mathieu P, Tron AM, Caton J, Bejui J, Vignon E. Quantitative measurement of joint space narrowing progression in hip osteoarthritis: a longitudinal retrospective study of patients treated by total hip arthroplasty. Icons such as Coca-Cola or Nikes swoosh both represent brands that command a market premium, despite seemingly nonexistent or minimal functional differences among nonbranded products. WebLimitations: 1. Quality-of-life improvement compared after hip and knee replacement. A study by Nilsdotter et al [37] suggested that if the diagnosis of OA is unequivocal, symptoms and not the degree of radiographic change should provide the indication for surgery. In fact, in some situations, patents may indeed be liabilities instead of assets. The success of THA in older patients, in concert with improvements in techniques and biomaterials, has stimulated demand of this procedure in young. However, 4 years after surgery, patients who underwent revision THA had a significant decline in HRQoL relative to patients who underwent primary THA. Chang RW, Pellissier JM, Hazen GB. The first cost effective analysis of total joint arthroplasty was reported by Liang and colleagues in 1986 [60]. WebGovernment publication. The ACM Digital Library is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. There is no significant difference for effect on sexual function between pre-THA and post-THA. [64] Patients aged < 60 years were 30% more active, on average, than those aged > 60. The geographic location of your business has a significant impact on your overall success. Content Guidelines 2. Email your feedback and ideas to Andy Dzamba at. Wang BL, Yue DB, Liu BX, Guo WS. Hunt SM, McKenna SP, McEwen J, Williams J, Papp E. The Nottingham Health Profile: subjective health statusand medical consultations. To determine which therapeutic strategy is preferable, several studies have been conducted to compare the outcomes of simultaneous bilateral THA to those of unilateral THAor two stage bilateral THA [31]. Business Valuation Resources111 SW Columbia St, Suite 750Portland, OR 97201. Increasingly a data intermediary is an important actor in this relationship. It is a comprehensive resource for practitioners working in the trenches of IP valuation and serves as a real-world walk-through of an IP valuation analysis from start to finish for each of the primary IP types. 8600 Rockville Pike Relyea, Harold. They reported a mean health-related quality-of-life score of 0.858 for primary THA at 12 months and 0.823 for revision THA patients. Lastly, in exchange for the monopoly protection, the government requires that the inventor disclose the exact nature of the inventions described in patents, including how the inventions work, what problems the inventions address, and how the designs differ in a novel way from prior art. Mkel K, Eskelinen A, Pulkkinen P, Paavolainen P, Remes V. Cemented total hip replacement for primary osteoarthritis in patients aged 55 years or older: results of the 12 most common cemented implants followed for 25 years in the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. Osteoarthritis in the hip as a chronic disease impairing patients function, causes pain and reduces HRQoL, but THA as elective surgery has been shown to relieve pain and improve physical function and HRQoL. nibusinessinfo.co.uk, a free service offered by Invest Northern Ireland, is the official online channel for business advice and guidance in Northern Ireland. We also provide Reference Consultations to help you identify material in our collection that is relevant to your field. Content Filtration 6. WebHistoric Government Publications from World War II, partnership with Southern Methodist University. You will probably also need several months' worth of working capital to assist with cashflow. However, data from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register [26] concluded that cementless hip replacements had a lower risk of revision for aseptic loosening than cemented implants in osteoarthritic patients aged from 55 to 74 years. These brands lost value because of genericide. Primary total hip arthroplasty with a second-generation cementless total hip prosthesis in patients younger than fifty years of age. The negative effects of open government data - investigating the dark side of open data. In the 1980s, Ritter and Meding observed a significant decrease in several activities except bicycling within 3 years after arthroplasty and recommended the intelligent participation in, for example, walking, golf, and bowling, to avoid harm to the prosthesis [63]. Medical Center Library, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2340. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Brandjes DP, Buller HR, Heijboer H, Huisman MV, de Rijk M, Jagt H. Randomised trial of effect of compression stockings in patients with symptomatic proximal-vein thrombosis. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The monopolistic nature creates an artificial market limitation or shortage in the market for technology that embodies the claims of the patent. "Government Publications Trade secrets are explicit protections that accrue to inventors or creators of some intangible asset. In vitro laboratory tests with hip simulators and clinical retrieval studies have shown significant improvements in the wear properties of newer bearing surfaces (metal on highly cross-linked UHMWPE [16], ceramic on ceramic, metal on metal) over traditional bearing surfaces. Costs involve direct costs for legal services as well as soft costs (i.e., an inventors time) to describe the technology to the patent attorney and patent offices. [59] reported that THA was used as a treatment for hip OA associated with significant functional limitation, the procedure appears to be cost saving or at worst relatively cost effective with variations in age, gender, probabilities of initial THA success and mortality, long term rates of failure, rate of OA progression, utility values of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) functional classes III and IV, surgical, medical, and custodial costs, and discount rate. Further the financing of public sector is fully in the hands of the Government, which restricts the scope for development. Twenty years later, another printer was hired and failed to do the same job, which was not completed until 1845, when the contract finally went to a Boston firm. However, publishing OGD also has potential downsides, such as misinterpretations, misuse, and privacy violations (Barry & Bannister, 2014; Popular trademarks are also at risk for genericide, which occurs when the public begins to associate a brand with common products of the same utility. 1 May 2023. Center for Research Libraries At first, GPO's major responsibility was to the members of Congress, who needed the quick and accurate turnaround of key documents to conduct their business. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage arthritic hip condition. At 10-year follow-up, modern second generation cementless stems (ABG I (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ), Anatomic Mesh (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ), Bi-Metric (Biomet, Inc., Warsaw, IN), CLS Spotorno(Zimmer, Inc., Warsaw, IN), PCA Standard (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ), Profile Porous (DePuy, Leeds, England) had survival rates higher than 90%; with the exception of the Harris-Galante (Zimmer, Inc., Warsaw, IN; 10-year survival rate, 89%), press-fit porous cups performing below 80%. "Government Publications Before Encyclopedia.com. 0800 181 4422. If the business has been neglected you may need to invest quite a bit more on top of the purchase price to give it the best chance of success. An official gazette is the legal newspaper of a country, or of an administrative part of a country, which publishes the text of new laws, decrees, regulations, treaties, legal notices, and court decisions. What are the Disadvantages of Universal Health Care? Yet many governments are reluctant to open their data, as they are afraid of See also the CRL resources below related to. An official website of the United States government. Copyright 10. Berry DJ, Harmsen WS, Cabanela ME, Morrey BF. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service, 1979. Measurement properties of the Villalta scale to define and classify the severity of the post-thrombotic syndrome. Government can start with initiating tax incentives and corporate social initiatives, and decrease corporate tax for companies that have a 30% youth make-up. C. Bhm, M. Freitag, A. Heise, C. Lehmann, A. Mascher, F. Naumann, W. Delone and E. McLean, "Information Systems Succes: the quest for the dependent variable,", Y. W. Lee, D. M. Strong, B. K. Kahn, and R. Y. Wang, "AIMQ: a methodology for information quality assessment,", L. F. Luna-Reyes and J. R. Gil-Garcia, "Using institutional theory and dynamic simulation to understand complex e-Government phenomena,", All Holdings within the ACM Digital Library. The pooled rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was 0.5%. How Do Breakfast & Lunch Places Stay in Business? Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Hip OA is one of the most common causes of pain and disability in adults aged 55 years and older. In particular, progression of knee OA is associated with progression of hip OA. In 1859, senators and representatives selected a limited number of libraries from their states and districts to participate in the system, and by 1922 the libraries were asked to request the specific classes of publications in which they were most interested. Furthermore, progression of hip OA could be defined by a change in joint space narrowing, and narrowing correlated with changes in clinical status [35,36]. Hip arthroplasty is one of the most common orthopedic interventions. Chief among them are economic disparities across states, race-to-the-bottom dynamics (i.e., states compete to attract business by lowering taxes and regulations), and the difficulty of taking action on issues of national importance. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. It may be easier to obtain finance as the business will have a proven track record. [41] focused on the radiographic progression of JSN which can be regarded as the most reliable marker of OA progression provided they use accurate methods for measuring JSN. PTS is a syndrome generally consisting of edema, skin induration, hyperpigmentation, venous ectasia, redness, pain with calf compression, and venous ulceration [45]. Increased risk of complications have been reported [32], particularly pulmonary embolism resulting from the simultaneous procedure. Trade secrets require no formal registration or approval process with a regulatory entity, which is common for copyrights, trademarks, and patents. As a regular contributor to Natural News, many of Hatter's Internet publications focus on natural health and parenting. Government Publication is one of the most reliable Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Background factors such as female gender and trait anxiety were associated with pre-operative state anxiety, whereas moderate- to-intense pain and depressive symptoms were related to pre- and post-operative state anxiety in elective surgery.
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